The Pentagon, Secret Service and ICE's investigative arm used phone forensics software that prosecutors say was developed in Russia and owned by foreign nationals. Oxygen Forensics CEO Lee Reiber and co-founder Oleg Davydov were arrested and charged with conspiracy to commit wire fraud for allegedly misrepresenting the origins of these tools to federal buyers. A criminal complaint alleges that while a team in Russia wrote the code, the defendants used U.S. cloud servers to falsely claim the software was built in America.

The same software, marketed in Russia as Mobile Criminalist, was utilized by the FSB to unlock the iPhone of journalist Alsu Kurmasheva in 2023. Lee Reiber was apprehended in Idaho, and Oleg Davydov was arrested at London's Heathrow Airport. US prosecutors note that the company was secretly controlled by five Russians through a Cyprus holding company, though the complaint does not allege the presence of malicious code or unauthorized access to customer data.