The Department of Homeland Security told Nevada it used Social Security numbers to verify residents' citizenship while informing Pennsylvania officials that no such records were ever used, according to data provided by election monitors. This contradiction in reporting emerges as states begin utilizing the Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements, or SAVE, database to identify noncitizens on registered voter rolls ahead of the midterm elections.

In a 6-3 ruling, the Supreme Court recently restored the Trump administration's use of the SAVE system, finding that a 1996 federal law likely authorizes the access of citizenship data despite privacy laws. The National Voter Registration Act currently limits the program's immediate impact, as it bars states from mass purging voter rolls within 90 days of an election, restricting the agency to individualized checks. Justices Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson dissented, citing risks of disenfranchisement for lawful voters.