Supply chain bottlenecks and depleted stockpiles hampered the U.S. military's ability to resupply munitions during the conflict with Iran, as detailed in a Pentagon inspector general report. Operation Epic Fury cost an estimated $33.4 billion through June 30, with $22.3 billion spent on ammunition and $3.7 billion in equipment losses. The campaign resulted in the destruction of four F-15 fighter jets and up to 30 MQ-9 Reaper drones, contradicting claims by President Donald Trump and Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth that munitions supplies were unlimited.

Air forces conducted more than 1,500 missions across the Central Command area of responsibility, peaking at 40 sorties per day. Support included six ships retasked from the U.S. Pacific Command and the repair of 48 runways following Iranian missile and drone strikes. Hundreds of U.S. buildings were damaged or destroyed, and the report assesses that some KC-135 tankers previously reported as damaged in Saudi Arabia may have been destroyed.