A fleet of Geran-4 jet-drones hit five dry cargo vessels on Sept. 29 in the western Black Sea and at Chornomorsk Port in Odesa Oblast. Three of the ships were struck in open water and two were hit at the port docks. This wave of strikes follows a series of attacks throughout September targeting maritime assets and land-based logistics hubs to disrupt supply lines to Ukraine.

Earlier operations in the region killed a Ukrainian captain on a vessel flying the flag of Antigua and Barbuda and hit warehouses containing food and medical supplies. While the Russian Ministry of Defence claims targets in Vylkove and Mayaky were transferring European military equipment, Ukraine's Finance Ministry projects total export losses from strikes on ports and infrastructure will reach $4.8B by the end of the year.